DEVELOPMENT OF A UREA BIOSENSOR BASED ON A POLYMERIC MEMBRANE INCLUDING ZEOLITE
Keywords:
ISFET, Urea biosensor, Zeolite, Polymeric membraneAbstract
A urea biosensor has been prepared by covalent biding of urease directly to the surface of an ammonium-sensitive field effect transistor (FET).The NH4+ -sensitive membrane is based on a zeolite-incorporated polymeric membrane biosensor (clinoptilolite). The sensitivity of ammonium detection is sub-nernstian (32mV/pNH4 +) but the ISFET presents a high selectivity, which is interesting for measurements in biological media. The grafting of urease to the NH4 +-sensitive membrane was permorfed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde .The sensitivity of the urea ENFET is 15V/purea and this remains stable over 15 days with a detection limit of 3x10-5 M. Finally, in order to test feasibility of the urea biosensor for environmental applications, the remaining activity of the urease was determined after exposure to enzyme inhibiting heavy metals ions such as Hg(II).Using these urea biosensors, a detection limit of less than 5 x 10-8 M was obtained for Hg(II).
Downloads
References
A.P .Soldatkin , A.V.El’skaya , A.A. Shulga , L.I.Netchiporouk , N.Jaffrezic-Renault C.Martelet , Anal. Chim. Acta 283 ( 1993 ) 695-701 .
D.V.Gorchkov , S. Poyard , A.P.Soldatkin, N.Jaffrezic-Renault , C.Martelet, Mater. Sci. Eng, C 5 ( 1997 ) 29-34.
J. Ruzicka ,E.H. Hassen A.K.Ghose, H.A.Mottola , Anal. Chim. 51 ( 1979 ) 199-203 .
P.M.Vagdama , K.G.M.M.Alberti , A.K.Covington , Anal. Chim.Acta.136 (1982) 403-406 .
Y.Vagdama , T. Moriizumi, K.Ichimura , Sens. Actuators B 3 ( 7 ) ( 1985 ) 1- 10 .
I. Karube , E.Tamiya ,J.M.Dicks , Anal. Chim. Acta 185 ( 1986 ) 195-200.
S.Alegret , J.Bartoli ,C.Jiménez ,E. Martinez-Fabregas
, D.Martorell , F.Valdès-Perezgasga Sens. Actuators B 15/ 16 ( 1993 ) 453-457 .
L.Campanella , F.Mazzei , M.P.Sammartino, M.Tomassetti ,Bioelectrochem.Bioenerg. 23 ( 1990 ) 195-202 .
C.Eggenstein., M.Borchardt, C.Djekman, B.Grundig ,C.Dumschat ,Biosens.Bioelectron 14 ( 1999) 33-41.
R. Konchi , P.Leszcynski , S.Glab, Anal. Chim. Acta 257 ( 1992) 67-72 .
T.N. Shekhovtsova , S.V.Muginova , N.A.Bagirova, Anal. Chim. Acta 344 ( 1997) 145-151 .
A.M. Ghe, C.Stefanelli , D.Carati , Talanta 31 (1984) 241-247.
A.M. Donlan , G.J.Moody, J.D.R.Thomas , Anal. Lett. 22 ( 1989) 1873-1896 .
V.N. Arkhypova , S.V.Dzyadevych, A.P.Soldatkin , Talanta 55 ( 2001) 919-927 .
I.Gracia, A.Merlos , M.Lozano , E.Lora-Tamayo, J.Esteve, Sens. Actuator , Transducers 1991 San
Francisco, USA 1991 , p.225 .
D.W.Breck , Zeolites Molecular Sieves, Structure , Chemistry and Use, Wiley New York , 1974 .
M.D.Baker , C.Senaratne , The Electrochemistry of Novel Materials, NewYork 1994 pp. 339-380
D. R. Rolison, Stud. Surf. Sci., Catal., 85 (1994) 543-586.
L. Roué , E.Briot , F.Bedioui, Can. J.Chem. 76 (1998 ) 1886-1909 .
A.Walcarius , Electroanalysis 8 ( 1996 ) 971-986 .
A.Walcarius , Anal. Chim. Acta. 384 ( 1999 ) 1-16 .
C.E Marshall, J. Phys.Chem. 43 ( 1939 ) 1155-1164.
R.M. Barrer , S. D. James, J. Phys. Chem., 64 (1960 ) 417-427 .
G.Johansson , L.Risinger , L.Falth , . Anal. Chim. Acta 119 ( 1980 ) 25-32 .
D.R. Rolison , R.J.Nowak , T.Welsh , C.G.Murray, Talanta 38 (1991 ) 27-35.
N.P. Evmiridis , M.A. Demertris , A.G.Vlessidis, Fresenius, J. Anal. Chim. 340 ( 1991 ) 145-152.
S. Matysik, F.M.Matyik, J.Mattusch , W.D.Einicke, Electroanalysis 10 ( 1998 ) 98-102
R.A.W. Dryfe, P.Hayes , S.M.Molmes , Analyst. 126 ( 2001 ) 733-745 .
A Haralambous, E.Maliou, M.Malamis Journal of Electrochemistry 25 ( 1992 ) 138-146
M.J. Semmens ,in : Proceeding of the Fifth International Conferences on Zeolite , Naples , 1980 , p.795 .
A.Walcarius ,V.Vromman, J.Bessière , Sens. Actuators B 56 ( 1999 ) 136-143
K.Wan , J.M.Chovelon ,N.Jaffrezic-Renault, A.P.Soldatkin ,Sens. Actuators B 58(1999) 399-408 .
A.Senillou , N.Jaffrezic-Renault , C.Martelet , F.Griff ,Mater. Sci. Eng. C 6 (1998 ) 59-63
M.I. Rahmi , Ph. D. Thesis , University Paris VI , 2000 .
] S.S.M. Hassen , S.A.Marei, I.H.Badr, H.A.Arida , Anal. Chim. Acta 427 (2001) 21-28 .
] W.Wroblewsky , M.Chudy, A.Dybko , A.Brzozka, . Chim. Acta 401 (1999) 105-110 .
] M.. Demertzis , N.P.Evmiridis, J. Soc., Faraday Trans. I 82 ( 1986 ) 3647-3655.
] N.Tinkilic , O.Cubuk, I.Isildak, Anal. Chim. Acta 452 (2002) 29-34.
] S. Komaba , M.Seyama ,T.Momma , T.Osaka , Electrochim. Acta 42 (1997) 383-388
