ENTRAINEMENT INTENSIF ET ADAPTATIONS DU SYSTEME NEUROMUSCULAIRE D'ENFANT PRE PUBERES
Mots-clés :
Chronic exercises, children, muscle, electromyographyRésumé
L’entraînement sportif induit des adaptations neuromusculaires identifiables grâce à l’analyse du signal électromyographique (EMG) produit lors des contractions. Dans ce contexte, par paramétrages temporel et fréquentiel du signal EMG, notre étude vise à discriminer lors d’efforts maximaux, des systèmes neuromusculaires d’enfants gymnastes sportifs de haut niveau de ceux d’enfants sédentaires.
Huit gymnastes (G) et six sédentaires (S), tous pré pubères, constituent la population expérimentale à qui nous avons demandé de réaliser trois contractions maximales brèves d’une durée unitaire de cinq secondes de leurs biceps brachii (test 1) et une contraction maximale de vingt secondes (test 2). Des calculs de RMS et de MPF ont été effectués et des comparaisons inter populations ont été réalisés.
Il en résulte que le groupe G présente des RMS statistiquement supérieures à celles du groupe S et des MPF plus élevées. La fatigue induit pour sa part des régressions de MPF statistiquement plus amples lors du test 2 chez les gymnastes.
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