ETUDE DE LA RELATION ENTRE L'ETAT CORPOREL ET LADUREE DE L'ANOESTRUS POST-PARTUMDE LA VACHE LAITIERE DANS L'EST ALGERIEN
Mots-clés :
Vache laitière, post-partum, activité ovarienne, BCS, paritéRésumé
La relation entre les variations de l'état corporel ou "body condition score" (BCS) et la durée du post-partum (p.p) déterminée par le moment de la reprise de l'activité ovarienne a été étudiée chez 34 vaches laitières (VL) dont huit primipares dans l’Est Algérien. Les animaux suivis sont répartis sur deux troupeaux sis à El-Tarf (ferme A) et à Constantine (ferme B). La notation du BCS a été réalisée à la fin de la période de tarissement et à 15, 30 et 50 jours (j) p.p. Par ailleurs, le dosage de la progestérone (P4) sérique, l'examen gynécologique et la première chaleur p.p reportée ont servi à déterminer le moment de la reprise de l’activité ovarienne p.p. Les vaches laitières ont été classées en fonction de leur concentration de P4 sérique durant les 50 premiers jours p.p, en deux groupes: le groupe RPcomprenant les VL ayant repris précocement leur activité ovarienne p.p et le groupe RTNcomprenant celles ayant repris tardivement ou pas leur activité ovarienne p.p, (P4 > ou < 1 ng/ml respectivement). Le pourcentage de groupe RPobtenu s’éloigne significativement (p < 0.05) de l'objectif recherché dans un élevage de VL (57,6 vs82 %), traduisant un retard de la reprise de l’activité ovarienne p.p. L’involution utérine était complète pour toutes les VL à 30 j p.p. Le BCS peripartum ne diffère pas significativement entre groupes (p > 0,05). La reprise de l’activité ovarienne p.p semble être significativement influencée par la parité (p = 0,026) et les conditions d'élevage (p = 0,018).
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