The Discrepancy between the Algerian Language Policy in Higher Education and Science Students’ Attitudes towards English
Keywords:
Language Attitudes, Language-in-Education Policy, English, Science, TechnologyAbstract
This study focuses attention on the areas of language policy and language attitude in higher education. It aims at examining the relationship between students’ attitudes towards English and the current Algerian language policy in science faculties. The study provides ample evidence that the language policy practices in the Algerian science faculties are not responsive to students’ attitudes and linguistic needs. It also shows that although English is the language of science and technology of this era, French is still the language of teaching and learning of core science subjects in Algeria. Moreover, this attitudinal survey shows that even if students fail to master English, they hold a fairly positive attitude towards it. Students also think that in order to eliminate the linguistic disadvantage they face in the world of academia; actions must be taken by governmental bodies to ensure that English will be the major medium of tuition. The paper also suggests that more measures in the Algerian language-in-education policy should make a paradigm shift towards using English in all the scientific realms to fulfil students’ linguistic needs.
Downloads
References
Al Mamun, A. & Rahman, M. (2012). Students’ attitudes towards English: The case of life science school of Khulna University. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3 (1), 200-209.
Ammon, U. (2001). The dominance of English as a language of science: Effects on other languages and language communities. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Aourag, H. & Reuters, T. (2012). Production scientifique des universités Algériennes: Top 10.
Aourag, H. & Sellami, M. (2014). Classement Juillet 2014 des Universités: Une avancée significative des Etablissements d’Enseignement Supérieurs Algériens et un prélude aux retombées tangibles de la loi sur la recherche 2008-2012.
Bahous, R., Bacha, N. N. & Nabhani, M. (2011). Motivating students in the EFL classroom: A case study of perspectives. Canadian Center of Science and Education, 4 (3), 33-43. .
Bamgbose, A. (1991). Language and the nation: The language question in Sub-Saharan Africa. Edinburgh: Edingurgh University Press.
Bartram, B. (2010). Attitudes to modern foreign language learning. London: Continuum International Publishing Group.
Bekker, I. (2005). Language attitudes and ethnolinguistic identity in South Africa: A critical review. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Bilingualism. Somerville: Cascadilla Press. 233-239.
Bidlake, E. (2008). Whose voice gets read? English as the international language of scientific publication. e-pisteme, 1 (1), 3-21.
Bordons, M. & Gómez, I. (2004). Towards a single language in science? A Spanish view. Serials, 17 (2), 189-195.
Chew, P. G. L. (1999). Linguistic imperialism, globalism, and the English language. In Graddol, D. & Meinhof, U. H. (Eds.), English in a Changing World. UK: AILA.
Crystal, D. (1997). English as a global language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Curry, M.J. & Lillis, T. (2004). Multilingual scholars and the imperative to publish in English: negotiating interests, demands and rewards. TESOL Quarterly, 38 (4), 663-688.
Dakhmouche, F. R. (2008). Meeting students’ needs: An analysis of ESP teaching at the department of computer science. (Magister dissertation).
Diallo, I. (2005). Language planning, language-in-education policy and attitudes towards languages in Senegal. (Doctoral dissertation).
Dörnyei, Z. (1998). Motivation in second and foreign language learning. Language Teaching, 31, 117-135.
Dwyer, A. M. (2005). The Xinjiang conflict: Uyghur identity, language policy, and political discourse. Washington, D.C.: East-West Center Washington.
Ellis, R. (1997). Second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fattash, M. M. (2013). Demotivating factors of university ESL teachers. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3 (19), 112-133.
Ferguson, G. (2006). Language planning and education. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Ferguson, G., Pérez-Llantada, C. & Plo, R. (2011). English as an international language of scientific publication: A study of attitudes. World Englishes, 30, 41-59.
Filali, A. (2012). Bilinguisme and Bijuridisme, L’Exemple du Droit Algérien. In Le Bilinguisme Juridique dans les Pays du Maghreb. International conference in Perpignan.
Flowerdew, J. (1999). Writing for scholarly publication in English: The case of Hong Kong. Journal of Second Language Writing, 8 (2), 123-45.
Canagarajah, A. S. (1996). ‘Non-discursive’ requirements in academic publishing, material resources of periphery scholars, and the politics of knowledge production. Written Communication, 13 (4), 435-72.
Drubin, D. G. & Kellogg, D. R. (2012). English as the universal language of science: Opportunities and challenges. Biol. Cell, 23 (8), 123-149.
Gass, S. M. & Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course. New York: Routledge.
Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology and second language learning: The role of attitudes and motivation. London: Arnold.
Gill, S. K. (2005). Language policy and planning: Understanding UKM’s past, present, and future concerns and responses. Malaysia: Akademica, 66, 31-50.
Graddol. D. (1997). The future of English. London: The British Council.
Groves, J. M. (2008). Language or dialect—or topolect? A comparison of the attitudes of Hong Kongers and mainland Chinese towards the status of Cantonese. Sino-Platonic Papers, 2 (1), p. 23-36.
Hayton, A. & Paczuska, A. (2002). Introduction: education in Demand? In Hayton, A. & Paczuska, A. (Eds.), Access, participation and higher education: Policy and practice. London: Kogan Page.
Hoffer, B. L. & Honna, N. (1999). English in Japanese society: Reactions and directions. In Graddol, D. & Meinhof, U. H. (Eds.), English in a Changing World. UK: AILA.
Kim, T. Y. (2006). Motivation and attitudes toward foreign language learning as socio-politically mediated constructs: The case of Korean high school students. The Journal of Asia TEFL, 3 (2), 165-192.
Krashen, S. D. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. London: Pergamon Press Inc.
Lasagabaster, D. & Huguet, Á. (2007). Introduction: A transnational study in European bilingual contexts. In Lasagabaster, D. & Huguet, Á. (Eds.), Multilingualism in European bilingual contexts: Language use and attitudes. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Latorre, G. & Kaulen, M. A. (1986). From ‘hard-core’ to ‘soft-core’ ESP: A case study. The ESP Journal, 4, 101-109.
Leaver, B. L., Ehrman, M., & Shekhtman, B. (2005). Achieving success in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marley, D. (2004). Language attitudes in Morocco Following recent changes in language policy. Language Policy, 3, 25-46.
Martínez, D. U., Pérez, J. G. & Fernández, D. M. (2013). Attitudes of Mexican American students towards learning English as a second language in a structured immersion program. Porta Linguarum, 2, 205-221.
Mat, S. S. C. & Yunus, M. Md. (2014). Attitudes and motivation towards learning English among FELDA school students. Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci., 8 (5), 1-8.
Mebitil, N. (2011). An exploration of the main difficulties, challenges and requirements of the ESP teaching situation in Algeria: The case of ESP teachers at Abou Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen. (Magister dissertation).
Mebitil, N. (2014). Teaching EST in Algeria: Training or retraining language teachers? Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5 (20), 2381-2386.
Muir, C. & Dörnyei, Z. (2013). Directed motivational currents: Using vision to create effective motivational pathways. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 3, 357-375. < http://www.ssllt.amu.edu.pl>.
Ounis, S. (2005). An attempt to identify and analyse students' needs in learning English for Specific Purposes: A case study of the 1st year students at the department of Agronomy, Batna University. (Magister dissertation).
Owu-Ewie, C. (2006). The language policy of education in Ghana: A critical look at the English only language policy of education. Selected Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, 76-85.
Phillipson, R. (2003). English-only Europe? Challenging language policy. London: Routledge.
Phillipson, R. & Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (1999). Englishisation one dimension of globalisation. In Graddol, D. & Meinhof, U. H. (Eds.), English in a Changing World. UK: AILA.
Quirk, R. et al. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of the English language. London: Longman.
Slougui, D. (2009). Social-context approach to writing for international publication: The case of Algerian scientists. (Doctorate dissertation).
Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swales J. M. (1997). English as tyrannosaurus rex. World Englishes, 16, 373–82.
Tardy, C. (2004). The role of English in scientific communication: Lingua franca or tyrannosaurus rex? Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 3, 247-69.
Tollefson, J. W. & Tsui, A. B. M. (2004). Medium of instruction policies: Which agenda? Whose agenda? Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Wa Thiong’o, N. (1986). Decolonizing the mind: The politics of language in African literature. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Wolff, H. E. (2006). Background and history - language politics and planning in Africa. In Alidou, H., et al. (Eds.), Optimizing learning and education in Africa – the language factor. France: Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA).
Xu, H. (2010). From EFL to ESL: The influence of context on learners’ motivational profiles. 123 Arizona Working Papers in SLA & Teaching, 17, 123-142.
Zaaba, Gunggut, H. & Umemoto, K. (2010). English as a medium of instruction in the public higher education institution: A case study of language-in-education policy in Malaysia. Selected Topics in Education and Educational Technology, 4, 188-196.