Developing Reading Fluency: Insights into the Effective Fluency Instruction
Mots-clés :
Automatic processing, comprehension, EFL learners, fluency based instruction, reading fluency.Résumé
Reading fluency allows the reader to focus his cognitive attention on gaining meaning from what is read. Because of its strong impact on comprehension, researchers and educators’ interest is centered on testing the best conditional practices that would sustain the development of reading fluency and provide an indirect support to reading comprehension. On one hand, this descriptive exploratory study digs deep on the existing literature on the functional relationship between reading fluency and comprehension; and on the other hand, it sheds light on the different direct fluency instructions proved effective since Samuels’ repeated reading (1979) to the most recent ones: fluency integrated instructional routines. As the effect of the combined fluency instructional strategies is higher than the effect of a fluency instruction working individually, we recommend the Fluency Oriented Reading Instruction as the most effective literacy program for EFL learnersTéléchargements
Références
. Anderson, R. C., Wilkinson, A. G. & Mason, J. M. (1990). A micro analysis of the small group guided reading lesson: Effects on an emphasis on global story meaning. Centre of the Study of Reading, Technical Report, No.519, University of Illinois
. Barnes, A.E., Kim, Y-S., Tighe, E., & Vorstius, C. (201&). Readers in adult basic education: components, skills, eye movements, and fluency. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 50( 2), 180-194.
. Bouguebs, R. (2017). The Effect of fluency oriented reading instruction on EFL students’ reading fluency and comprehension. Revue Science Humaines, Vol A (47), 59-73
. Bouguebs, R. (2018). Fluency oriented reading instruction and repeated reading effects in enhancing reading fluency and comprehension: the case of second year EFL students at the teacher training school of Constantine. Unpublished Phd thesis. University of Constantine-1-, Constantine, Algeria.
. Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., Hosp, M. K. & Jenkins, J. (2001). Oral reading fluency as an indicator of reading competence: theoretical empirical and historical analysis. Scientific Studies of Reading, Vol5, No.3 ,239-256.
. Grabe, W. (2010). Fluency in reading: thirty five years later. Reading in Foreign Language, 22(1), 71-83.
. Hapstak, J. A. & Tracey, D. H. (2007). Effects of assisted repeated reading on Students of varying reading ability: a single subject experimental research study. Reading Horizons Journal, 47 (4), 315-334.
. Harris, T. L. & Hodges, R. E. (1995). The literacy dictionary: the vocabulary of reading and writing. The International Reading Association.
. Housel, D. G. (2010). Strategies for building fluency. Shell Education Publishing, Inc.
. Hudson, R. F. , Pullen C.P. & Lane, H. B.(2005). Reading fluency assessment and instruction: what, why and how? The International Reading Association.702-714.
. King, F. J. , Goodson, L., &Rohani, F. (1998). Higher-order thinking skills: definitions, strategies, and assessment. Retrieved from: http://www.cala.fsu.edu/
. Klauda, S. L. & Guthrie, J. T. (2008). Relationships of three components of reading fluency to reading comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100 (2), 310-321.
. Kosanovich, M. (2012).Using instructional routines to differentiate instruction. A guide for Teachers. Portsmouth, NH: RMC Research Corporation, Center on Instruction.
. Kuhn, M. R. , Schwanenflugel, P. G. , Morris, R. D., Morrow, L.M., Woo, D.G., Meisenger, E.B., Savcik, R.A. , Bradley, B.A.& Stahl, B.A. (2006). Teaching children to become fluent and automatic readers. Journal of Literacy Research, 38(4), 357-387, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
. Kuhn, M. R, Schwanenflugel, P. G & Meisenger, E.B. (2010). Aligning Theory and Assessment of Reading Fluency: Automaticity, Prosody and Definitions of Fluency. Reading Research Quarterly, Vol 45, No. 2, 230-251.
. Kuhn, M.R. & Levy, L. (2015). Developing fluent readers: teaching fluency as a foundational skill. Guilford Press
. LaBerge, D. & Samuels, S. J. (1974). Toward a theory of automatic information process in reading. Cognitive Psychology, 293-323.
. Martinez, M. , Roser, N. L. & Strecker, S. (1999). I never thought I could be a star: a readers theater ticket to fluency. The Reading Teacher, Vol 52, 326-334.
. Meisinger, E. B, Schwanenflugel, P. J, Bradely, B. A. &Stahl, S. (2004). Interaction quality during partner reading. Journal of Literacy Research, Vol 36, No. 2, 111-140.
. Nichols W. D., Rupley, W. H. & Rasinski, T. (2008). Fluency in learning to read for meaning: going beyond repeated readings. Literacy Research and Instruction, Vol 48, No. 1, 1-13.
. Pikulski, J. J. & Chard, D. J. (2005). Fluency: bridge between decoding and reading comprehension. The Reading Teacher, Vol. 58, No. 6, 510-519.
. Rasinski, T. (2003). The fluent reader: oral reading strategies for building word recognition, fluency, and comprehension. Teaching Resources/ Scholastics
. Rasinski, T. (2004). Assessing reading fluency. Pacific Resources for Education and Learning. Honolulu. Hawaii.
. Rasinski, T. (2006). A brief history of reading fluency. In Samuels, S. J, & A. E, Farstrup (eds), What research has to say about fluency instruction, International Reading Association. 70-93.
. Rasinski, T. (2006). Reading fluency instruction: moving beyond accuracy, automaticity and prosody. Issues and trends in literacy, The Reading Teacher, 59(7), 704-709.
. Rasinski, T., Rupley, W. H. & Nichols, D. (2008). Synergistic phonics and fluency Instruction: The magic of rhyming poetry! The NERA Journal, Vol 44, No. 1, 9-14.
. Rasinski, T., Homan, S. & Biggs, M. (2008). Teaching reading fluency to struggling readers-methods, materials and evidence. Reading Writing Quarterly, 1-23
. Rasinski.T. , Rikli, A. & Johnston, S. (2009). Reading fluency: more than automaticity? more than a concern for the primary grades? Literacy Research and Instruction, Vol 48, 350–361. Taylor & Francis Group
. Rasinski, T. (2013).Supportive fluency instruction: the key to reading success. Reading & Writing, Center, Kent State University.
. Rasinski,T.& Padak, N.(2013). From fluency to comprehension powerful instruction through Authentic Reading. Guilford Press
. Rupley, W. H., Blair, T. R. & Nichols, W. D. (2009). Effective reading instruction for struggling readers: the role of direct/explicit teaching. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 25( 2-3), 125-138.
. Schwanenflugel, P. , Hamilton, A. M., Wisenbaker, J. M. , Kuhn, M. R. & Stahl, S. (2004). Becoming a fluent reader: reading skill and prosodic features in oral reading of young readers. Journal of Education Psychology, 96( 1), 119-129.
. Schwanenflugel, P. (2008). Fluency development and whole class Instruction: approaches for shared reading. Chapter 3, .41- 77, The Guilford Press,.
. Samuels, S. J. (1997). The method of repeated reading. The Reading Teacher, 50(5), 376-381.
. Samuels, S. J. (2002). Reading fluency: Its development and assessment. In Samuels, S. J. & Farstrup, A. E. (eds), What research has to say about fluency instruction,. International Reading Association.3rd edition, 166-183.
. Samuels, S. J. (2006). Towards a Model of Reading Fluency. In Samuels, S. J. & Farstrup, A. E. (eds), What Research Has to Say about Fluency Instruction, Chapter, 2, 24- 46, International Reading Association.
. Samuels, S. J. (2012). Reading fluency: its past, present, and future. In Rasinski, T. Blachowicz, C. & Lems, K. (eds), Fluency Instruction: Research-Based BestPractices, Chapter 1, 7-20, The Guilford Press.
. Stahl, S. A. & Heubach, K. M. (2005). Fluency oriented reading instruction. Journal of Litracy Research, 37(1), 25-60.
. Tankersley, K. (2003). The threads of reading: strategies for literacy development. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
. Thornton, P.G. (2008). Effect of modified fluency-oriented reading instruction on african american boys’ oral reading fluency and attitude towards reading. (published PHD thesis). Faculty of Auburn University.
. Turner, F. D. (2010). Evaluating the effectiveness of fluency-oriented reading instruction with increasing black and latino reading fluency, as compared to Asian and white second-grade students’ reading fluency. The Journal of Negro Education, Vol 79, No. 2, 112-124.
. Tyler, B. J. & Chard, D. J. (2000). Using readers theater to foster fluency in struggling readers: a twist on the repeated reading strategy. Reading & Writing Quarterly, Vol 16, 163-168.
. Valle, A., Binder, K., Walsh, C., & Nemier, C. (2013). Eye movements, prosody, and word frequency among average and high skilled second grade readers. School Psychology Review, 42(2), 171-190.
